🔹 Excel Lookup : Reference Formulas for Beginners (With Easy Examples)
MS Excel Lookup formulas help you find and display data from different parts of your Excel sheet.
Perfect for searching, matching, or picking values automatically — saving tons of time when working with large tables.
- VLOOKUP – Search Vertically
Looks for a value in the first column of a table and returns a result from another column.
Formula: =VLOOKUP(A1, B1:D10, 3, FALSE)
👉 Example: Find a product name (A1) and return its price from the third column.
- HLOOKUP – Search Horizontally
Similar to VLOOKUP, but searches across rows instead of columns.
Formula: =HLOOKUP(A1, A2:F3, 2, FALSE)
👉 Example: Looks for a header value and returns a result from the row below.
- INDEX – Pick a Value by Row and Column
Returns the value from a specific row and column inside a range.
Formula: =INDEX(A1:C10, 2, 3)
👉 Example: Gets the value from row 2, column 3 of the table.
- MATCH – Find a Value’s Position
Shows the position number of an item within a list or range.
Formula: =MATCH(“Apple”, A1:A10, 0)
👉 Example: If “Apple” is in A5, the result = 5
Replaces both VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP. It’s more flexible and easier to use.
Formula: =XLOOKUP(A1, B1:B10, C1:C10, “Not Found”)
👉 Example: Looks up the value in A1 and returns a match from column C.
If not found, shows “Not Found”.
- OFFSET – Move from a Starting Cell
Returns a cell (or range) that’s a specific number of rows and columns away from a starting point.
Formula: =OFFSET(A1, 2, 3)
👉 Example: Moves 2 rows down and 3 columns right from A1.
- CHOOSE – Pick from a List
Selects a value based on a position number you give it.
Formula: =CHOOSE(2, “Red”, “Blue”, “Green”)
👉 Example: Since the index is 2, result = Blue
💡 Quick Tip:
- Use INDEX + MATCH together for more flexible lookups:
- =INDEX(C1:C10, MATCH(A1, B1:B10, 0))
👉 This combo is more powerful and accurate than VLOOKUP!
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